Table 2. Substitution scenario's for each of the five wastes in clinker kilns

How to read this table:

For example, one tonne of industrial sludge would on average replace 250 kg of petcoke (fossil fuel) and 270 kg of raw materials.

Adding a tonne of fluff would on average replace 650 kg of petcoke and 120 kg of raw materials etc.

	Petcokes
	Fuel	Rawmeal
	(T/T)	(T/T)
1. Solvents & Waste oils	0,88	-0,01
2. Paint & Ink (residues) with sawdust	0,44	0,18
3. Sludge	0,25	0,27
4. Filtercake	0,14	0,24
5. Fluff	0,65	0,12

Source: TNO,  LCA of thermal treatment of waste streams in cement clinker kilns (2007)